Form 1098-Q: Qualifying Longevity Annuity Contract Information

VOIDPaper only: marks a form on a sheet that should be ignored. It is not a correction; a filed return is undone with a corrected return.How corrections workCORRECTEDChecked on a return that replaces one already filed. Which fields to repeat, and whether two returns are needed, depends on the error.Type 1 vs Type 2 correctionsIssuer's nameWhat goes hereThe name, address and telephone number of the issuer of the contract intended to be a QLAC.Watch forThe telephone number must let the participant reach a person who knows about the information on the form.Check the filer blockIssuer's TINThe EIN the returns are filed under; it must match the filer name on the first line. A sole proprietor may use an SSN, with the owner's name first.Check the filer blockParticipant's TINWhat goes hereThe participant's TIN: an SSN, ITIN, ATIN or EIN.Watch forYou may truncate it on the participant's statement, never on the copy filed with the IRS. The issuer's TIN may not be truncated on any form.Match it before you fileBox 1a: Annuity amount on start dateWhat goes hereIf payments have not started, the amount of the periodic annuity payable on the start date.Click to open the row in the box tableCalendar yearThe year the payment was made, not the year you file. The 2026 forms cover payments in 2026 and are filed in 2027.The 2027 calendarBox 1b: Annuity start dateWhat goes hereIf payments have not started, the date on which the annuity is scheduled to start.Watch forA QLAC must begin payments no later than the first day of the month after the participant's 85th birthday.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 2: Checkbox: start date may be acceleratedCheck it whenPayments have not started and the start date may be accelerated.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 3: Total premiumsWhat goes hereThe cumulative total of all premiums paid for the contract through the end of the year.Watch forPremiums are subject to an inflation-adjusted dollar limit ($200,000 for 2025). When an insurance contract is exchanged for a QLAC, its fair market value counts as a premium.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 4: FMV of QLACWhat goes hereThe fair market value of the QLAC as of the close of the calendar year.Click to open the row in the box tableParticipant's nameWhat goes hereThe participant: the individual in whose name the contract was purchased.Watch forFile every year from the year premiums are first paid until the participant reaches 85 or dies. If a spouse is the sole beneficiary, keep filing for the spouse until distributions to the spouse begin or the spouse dies.Which name goes firstBox 5a: JanuaryWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in January, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5b: FebruaryWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in February, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5c: MarchWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in March, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5d: AprilWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in April, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableParticipant's street addressWhere the recipient copy is mailed. From the W-9 line 5; the IRS does not match it, but an undeliverable copy is a furnishing failure.Box 5e: MayWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in May, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5f: JuneWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in June, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5g: JulyWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in July, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5h: AugustWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in August, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableParticipant's city or townCity of the mailing address, from the W-9 line 6.Box 5i: SeptemberWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in September, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5j: OctoberWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in October, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableAccount numberWhat goes hereYour account number for this contract.Required whenYou have more than one account for the participant and file more than one Form 1098-Q. The IRS encourages an account number on every Form 1098-Q.Box 5k: NovemberWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in November, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5l: DecemberWhat goes hereThe amount of each premium paid for the contract in December, with the date it was paid.Click to open the row in the box table

Hover over a box for what goes in it; click to open its row in the table below. On a touch screen, tap the box to jump to the row.

Who must file Form 1098-Q

Any person who issues a contract intended to be a QLAC under Regulations 1.401(a)(9)-6 that is purchased or held under a qualified plan, a 403(a) or 403(b) plan, a governmental 457(b) plan or an IRA (other than a Roth IRA) must file Form 1098-Q and furnish a statement to the participant, for each calendar year beginning with the year of the first premium and ending with the year before the annuity starting date. A QLAC is a deferred annuity meeting the regulation's limits on premiums (the inflation-indexed dollar limit, $200,000 for 2025) and on start date (no later than the first of the month after the participant turns 85), with no commutation or cash surrender value.

The Pub 1099 chart gives February 28 as the IRS date without the March 31 electronic alternative, as it does for 1099-QA. Form 1098-Q is a low-volume online-fillable form under the e-file mandate.

Threshold: All amounts, every QLAC purchased or held under a section 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), 408 (other than Roth) or governmental 457(b) arrangement, for each year until the annuity start date.

What is reported, box by box

Box titles follow the current revision of the form. The IRS reads the payer and recipient name, TIN, address, account number and the money boxes; the state boxes are for the state copy only.

Payments that are not reported on Form 1098-Q

• Contracts held under a Roth IRA, and annuities that do not meet the QLAC definition (those are reported when distributions begin, on 1099-R).
• Years after the annuity starting date, when 1099-R takes over.

Due dates and extensions

An automatic 30-day extension is available on Form 8809, filed by the due date on paper or through IRIS; a second 30 days requires a hardship showing. Recipient statements can be extended 30 days on Form 15397, online or by fax only. 10 or more information returns of any type in aggregate must be e-filed (T.D. 9972); IRIS is the only IRS intake system from filing season 2027, FIRE having been retired. A payer who e-files the originals must e-file the corrections.

For 2026 forms filed in 2027: January 31 falls on a Sunday, so that deadline moves to Monday, February 1, 2027; February 28 also falls on a Sunday, so the paper deadline moves to Monday, March 1, 2027. March 31 (electronic) and March 15 are weekdays. February 28 does not become February 29 in a leap year. The compliance calendar has every date with the weekend shifts applied.

Withholding and TIN matching

No distribution occurs while a 1098-Q is being filed, so neither backup withholding nor pension withholding applies, and the form is not in the IRS TIN Matching program. The participant's name and TIN come from the plan or IRA record, and the same record produces the later 1099-R; a mismatch fixed here is fixed for both.

Name and TIN errors on this form

Every information return is matched by the IRS on the first four characters of the payee's name (the name control) against the TIN. A mismatch produces a CP2100 line the following autumn and, unless the solicitation record is in order, a 972CG penalty the year after: $340 per return for 2026 forms filed in 2027 that are late or wrong, $690 for intentional disregard, with annual maximums of $4,191,500 ($1,397,000 for small filers) under Rev. Proc. 2025-32. The errors that recur on Form 1098-Q:

• Plan-held contracts. The participant is the recipient, under the participant's SSN; the plan and employer are identified separately on the form.
• IRA-held contracts report the IRA owner as participant.
• Spousal survivor features do not change the reported participant until the annuity begins.

The name control calculator shows what the IRS will derive from a name line, and the CP2100 guide covers what to do when the notice arrives.

Recipient statements and substitutes

The recipient statement for Form 1098-Q need not be a copy of the official form: a substitute may be combined with other account statements or reports, provided every required item is numbered and titled as on the official form, the tax year, form number and form name appear together, the recipient instructions are included, and, for the forms Pub 1099 lists, a telephone number with direct access to someone who can answer questions is shown. Publication 1179 (Rev. Proc. 2026-18) has the specifications; logos, slogans and advertising are not permitted on the statement itself. Statements may be furnished electronically only to a recipient who has affirmatively consented in a way that shows they can access the format, after the disclosures in Pub 1099 part M, and must stay posted through October 15. Copy B may show a truncated TIN (xxx-xx-1234); the IRS copy never may. The consent rules for furnishing statements electronically are under review: Notice 2026-4 asked for comments (due May 23, 2026) on whether the broker rules, and then the rules for every other payee statement, should change.

Corrections and state copies

A wrong amount, code or checkbox is a Type 1 correction: one corrected return with the CORRECTED box checked. The wrong form type is a Type 2 correction: a zeroed-out copy of the original plus a new original, in that order. A wrong or missing payee TIN or name is also Type 2 on paper, but IRIS corrects it in one step on the original record (Publication 5717). Publication 1099 also says you are not required to file a correction for a missing or incorrect TIN if you meet the reasonable-cause standard, only to use the right TIN on the next return, although the IRS encourages the correction. Details and the paper error charts are on the 1099 corrections page.

Form 1098-Q is not in the Combined Federal/State Filing program, so any state that requires it must receive it directly. Requirements by state are on the state pages.

Questions people ask about Form 1098-Q

Other federal forms

1042-S · 1097-BTC · 1098 · 1098-C · 1098-E · 1098-F · 1098-T · 1098-VLI · 1099-A · 1099-B · 1099-C · 1099-CAP · 1099-DIV · 1099-G · 1099-INT · 1099-K · 1099-LPS · 1099-LS · 1099-LTC · 1099-MISC · 1099-NEC · 1099-OID · 1099-PATR · 1099-Q · 1099-QA · 1099-R · 1099-S · 1099-SA · 1099-SB · 3921 · 3922 · 5498 · 5498-ESA · 5498-QA · 5498-SA · 5498-TA · W-2G · 1099-DA · Comparison table

Sources: IRS Publication 1099 (2026), General Instructions for Certain Information Returns, which replaced the separate General Instructions starting with tax year 2026; Instructions for Form 1098-Q (Rev. April 2025); Pub 1099 (2026) Guide to Information Returns; Regulations 1.401(a)(9)-6. Threshold amounts are indexed for inflation from calendar year 2027; check IRS.gov/InflationAdjustment for the current year.