Form 1098: Mortgage Interest Statement

VOIDPaper only: marks a form on a sheet that should be ignored. It is not a correction; a filed return is undone with a corrected return.How corrections workCORRECTEDChecked on a return that replaces one already filed. Which fields to repeat, and whether two returns are needed, depends on the error.Type 1 vs Type 2 correctionsRecipient's/lender's nameWhat goes hereYour name, address and telephone number as the filer (the interest recipient or lender). Use the same name and address on Form 1096.Watch forA servicer or other collection agent that is the first to receive the interest files and puts its own details here, even though it only passes the interest on. Do not swap the lender and borrower boxes.Check the filer blockCalendar yearWhat goes hereThe calendar year in which you received the interest.Watch forThe April 2025 revision of Form 1098 is a continuous-use form. Use it with these instructions for 2026 information filed in early 2027 and for later years until the IRS replaces it, never for years before 2026.The 2027 calendarBox 1: Mortgage interest received from payer/borrowerWhat goes hereInterest, not points, received on the mortgage during the year, including on a home equity loan, line of credit or credit card loan secured by real property. Prepayment penalties and late charges count as interest unless the late charge is for a specific mortgage service.Threshold$600 or more on any one mortgage from an individual (including a sole proprietor), tested mortgage by mortgage.Watch forLeave out government subsidy payments, seller-paid interest such as a buy-down, and prepaid interest that does not accrue by January 15 of the next year.Click to open the row in the box tableRecipient's/lender's TINThe EIN the returns are filed under; it must match the filer name on the first line. A sole proprietor may use an SSN, with the owner's name first.Check the filer blockPayer's/borrower's TINWhat goes hereThe payer of record's TIN: an SSN, ITIN, ATIN or EIN.Watch forYou may truncate it on the borrower's statement, never on the copy filed with the IRS. Your own TIN as recipient/lender may not be truncated on any form.Match it before you fileBox 2: Outstanding mortgage principalWhat goes hereThe outstanding principal on the mortgage as of January 1 of the year.Watch forFor a mortgage you originated during the year, use the principal on the origination date. For one you acquired during the year, use the principal on the acquisition date.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 3: Mortgage origination dateWhat goes hereThe date the mortgage originated with the original lender.Watch forIf you bought the mortgage, do not put your acquisition date here. That goes in box 11.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 4: Refund of overpaid interestWhat goes hereThe total refund or credit you made this year of interest overpaid in a prior year or years. Report it for the year you make it and leave the prior year's form unchanged.ThresholdRequired at $600 or more. A smaller one is required only if you are filing Form 1098 for that borrower anyway.Watch forOverpaid and refunded in the same year: show the net in box 1 and leave box 4 blank. Interest you pay on the refund goes on Form 1099-INT, not here.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 5: Mortgage insurance premiumsWhat goes herePremiums received for the year, including prepaid premiums, for qualified mortgage insurance: a contract issued after 2006 from the VA, FHA or Rural Housing Service, or private mortgage insurance.Threshold$600 or more on one mortgage. Do not add up premiums across a borrower's mortgages.Watch forReport premiums only when section 163(h)(3)(E) applies for the year being reported.Click to open the row in the box tablePayer's/borrower's nameWhat goes hereThe payer of record: the individual your books carry as the principal borrower. If your books do not say, you must designate one. File only for the payer of record, showing all interest on the mortgage.Watch forNo form is due when the payer of record is not an individual, even with an individual co-borrower. A later buyer who assumes the loan without the first buyer being released becomes the payer of record.Which name goes firstBox 6: Points paid on purchase of principal residenceWhat goes herePoints paid on the purchase of the payer of record's principal residence, shown as points on the settlement statement and figured as a percentage of the loan. Seller-paid points count. Report all of them for the year of closing.ThresholdFile when points plus other interest on the mortgage reach $600.Watch forNot points here: refinancing, home improvement, home equity or credit line loans, second homes, and fees charged in place of appraisal, inspection, title or attorney fees.Click to open the row in the box tablePayer's/borrower's street addressWhere the recipient copy is mailed. From the W-9 line 5; the IRS does not match it, but an undeliverable copy is a furnishing failure.If address of property securing mortgageCheck it whenBox 7: the property securing the mortgage has the same address as the borrower's mailing address. You may instead leave it blank and complete box 8.Watch forWhen the property address or description is different, leave box 7 blank and complete box 8.Open this box on the IRIS field mapPayer's/borrower's city or townCity of the mailing address, from the W-9 line 6.Box 8: Address or description of property securing mortgageWhat goes hereThe street address, city, state, country and ZIP of the property securing the mortgage, when it differs from the borrower's address or box 7 is blank. No address: the jurisdiction and Assessor Parcel Number, or a description such as metes and bounds.Watch forWith more than one property securing the loan, show any one here and the total number in box 9.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 9: Number of mortgaged propertiesWhat goes hereThe total number of properties securing this mortgage, when there is more than one. Leave it blank for one property.Watch forYou may count any single street address, 911 address, lot, parcel, APN or tract of land as one property.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 10: OtherWhat goes hereOptional. Anything else you wish to report to the borrower, such as real estate taxes or insurance paid from escrow. A collection agent may name the person it collected for.Watch forInterest paid by a seller, such as on a buy-down, is kept out of box 1 but may be shown here.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 11: Mortgage acquisition dateWhat goes hereThe date you acquired the mortgage, if you acquired it during the calendar year. Otherwise leave it blank.Watch forThe original origination date still goes in box 3, and box 2 shows principal as of your acquisition date.Click to open the row in the box tableAccount numberWhat goes hereYour account number for this mortgage.Required whenYou have more than one account for the same borrower and file more than one Form 1098 for that borrower. The IRS encourages an account number on every Form 1098.

Hover over a box for what goes in it; click to open its row in the table below. On a touch screen, tap the box to jump to the row.

Who must file Form 1098

File Form 1098 if you are engaged in a trade or business and, in the course of it, you receive from an individual (including a sole proprietor) $600 or more of mortgage interest on any one mortgage during the calendar year. A mortgage is an obligation secured by real property, including a residence, a condominium, a cooperative unit, a mobile home or a boat with sleeping, cooking and toilet facilities that the borrower uses as a home. Interest received on behalf of another person, such as by a servicer or a collection agent, is reported by the person who receives it; a cooperative housing corporation reports for its tenant-stockholders; a governmental unit that lends against property reports too.

The $600 test applies separately to each mortgage: a borrower who pays you $400 on each of two loans gets no 1098. You may file voluntarily below $600, and if you do, all the rules apply. Refunds of overpaid interest of $600 or more are reported in box 4 even when no current-year interest is due.

Threshold: $600, of interest (including points and, when section 163(h)(3)(E) applies, mortgage insurance premiums) received from an individual on each mortgage; the test is per mortgage, not per borrower.

What is reported, box by box

Box titles follow the current revision of the form. The IRS reads the payer and recipient name, TIN, address, account number and the money boxes; the state boxes are for the state copy only.

Payments that are not reported on Form 1098

• Interest received from a corporation, partnership, trust, estate, association or company (not an individual), even if an individual is a co-borrower or guarantor.
• Interest on obligations that are not mortgages: loans whose proceeds financed the borrower's business, and unsecured loans.
• Interest received by a person not in a trade or business (an individual who carried back a note on a home sale need not file).
• Interest from a nonresident alien unless the security is U.S. real property.

Due dates and extensions

An automatic 30-day extension is available on Form 8809, filed by the due date on paper or through IRIS; a second 30 days requires a hardship showing. Recipient statements can be extended 30 days on Form 15397, online or by fax only. 10 or more information returns of any type in aggregate must be e-filed (T.D. 9972); IRIS is the only IRS intake system from filing season 2027, FIRE having been retired. A payer who e-files the originals must e-file the corrections.

For 2026 forms filed in 2027: January 31 falls on a Sunday, so that deadline moves to Monday, February 1, 2027; February 28 also falls on a Sunday, so the paper deadline moves to Monday, March 1, 2027. March 31 (electronic) and March 15 are weekdays. February 28 does not become February 29 in a leap year. The compliance calendar has every date with the weekend shifts applied.

Withholding and TIN matching

Mortgage interest received is not a payment to the borrower, so backup withholding does not apply and Form 1098 is outside the IRS TIN Matching program. The borrower's TIN is required on the return (with the box for the borrower's TIN) and the lender must solicit it, generally on the loan application and annually thereafter if missing; an incorrect or missing TIN on a 1098 carries the ordinary IRC 6721IRC 6721Internal Revenue Code, Cornell LII penalty and the ordinary reasonable-cause defense. Mortgage servicing transfers are the usual source of bad names: the acquiring servicer inherits whatever the originator captured.

Name and TIN errors on this form

Every information return is matched by the IRS on the first four characters of the payee's name (the name control) against the TIN. A mismatch produces a CP2100 line the following autumn and, unless the solicitation record is in order, a 972CG penalty the year after: $340 per return for 2026 forms filed in 2027 that are late or wrong, $690 for intentional disregard, with annual maximums of $4,191,500 ($1,397,000 for small filers) under Rev. Proc. 2025-32. The errors that recur on Form 1098:

• Co-borrowers. The 1098 goes to the payer of record, the first-listed borrower on the loan, under that person's SSN; other borrowers may be listed as co-borrowers but only one TIN is on the return.
• Trust-titled homes. If the loan was made to an individual who later deeded the home to a living trust, the borrower is still the individual; if the trust is the borrower, the trust's name and TIN go on the return (a grantor trust may report under the grantor's SSN).
• Name changes over a 30-year loan are the reason lenders re-solicit: the SSA record moves, the loan file does not.
• Sole proprietors are individuals for 1098 purposes; the business name is not the borrower's name.

The name control calculator shows what the IRS will derive from a name line, and the CP2100 guide covers what to do when the notice arrives.

Recipient statements and substitutes

The recipient statement for Form 1098 need not be a copy of the official form: a substitute may be combined with other account statements or reports, provided every required item is numbered and titled as on the official form, the tax year, form number and form name appear together, the recipient instructions are included, and, for the forms Pub 1099 lists, a telephone number with direct access to someone who can answer questions is shown. Publication 1179 (Rev. Proc. 2026-18) has the specifications; logos, slogans and advertising are not permitted on the statement itself. Statements may be furnished electronically only to a recipient who has affirmatively consented in a way that shows they can access the format, after the disclosures in Pub 1099 part M, and must stay posted through October 15. Copy B may show a truncated TIN (xxx-xx-1234); the IRS copy never may. The consent rules for furnishing statements electronically are under review: Notice 2026-4 asked for comments (due May 23, 2026) on whether the broker rules, and then the rules for every other payee statement, should change.

Corrections and state copies

A wrong amount, code or checkbox is a Type 1 correction: one corrected return with the CORRECTED box checked. The wrong form type is a Type 2 correction: a zeroed-out copy of the original plus a new original, in that order. A wrong or missing payee TIN or name is also Type 2 on paper, but IRIS corrects it in one step on the original record (Publication 5717). Publication 1099 also says you are not required to file a correction for a missing or incorrect TIN if you meet the reasonable-cause standard, only to use the right TIN on the next return, although the IRS encourages the correction. Details and the paper error charts are on the 1099 corrections page.

Form 1098 is not in the Combined Federal/State Filing program, so any state that requires it must receive it directly. Requirements by state are on the state pages.

Questions people ask about Form 1098

Other federal forms

1042-S · 1097-BTC · 1098-C · 1098-E · 1098-F · 1098-Q · 1098-T · 1098-VLI · 1099-A · 1099-B · 1099-C · 1099-CAP · 1099-DIV · 1099-G · 1099-INT · 1099-K · 1099-LPS · 1099-LS · 1099-LTC · 1099-MISC · 1099-NEC · 1099-OID · 1099-PATR · 1099-Q · 1099-QA · 1099-R · 1099-S · 1099-SA · 1099-SB · 3921 · 3922 · 5498 · 5498-ESA · 5498-QA · 5498-SA · 5498-TA · W-2G · 1099-DA · Comparison table

Sources: IRS Publication 1099 (2026), General Instructions for Certain Information Returns, which replaced the separate General Instructions starting with tax year 2026; Instructions for Form 1098 (Rev. December 2026); Pub 1099 (2026); IRC 6050HIRC 6050HInternal Revenue Code, Cornell LII; Regulations 1.6050H-1 and -2. Threshold amounts are indexed for inflation from calendar year 2027; check IRS.gov/InflationAdjustment for the current year.