VOIDPaper only: marks a form on a sheet that should be ignored. It is not a correction; a filed return is undone with a corrected return.How corrections workCORRECTEDChecked on a return that replaces one already filed. Which fields to repeat, and whether two returns are needed, depends on the error.Type 1 vs Type 2 correctionsLender's nameWhat goes hereThe lender: anyone who lends money in a trade or business and acquires an interest in the security, or learns it was abandoned. You need not be in the business of lending money. A governmental unit that lends on security files too.Watch forA subsequent holder of the loan reports events after the transfer. For pooled loans, the trustee or record owner files one form per borrower for all owners.Check the filer blockCalendar yearThe year the payment was made, not the year you file. The 2026 forms cover payments in 2026 and are filed in 2027.The 2027 calendarBox 1: Date of lender's acquisition or knowledge of abandonmentWhat goes hereFor an acquisition: the earlier of the date title passed to you or the date possession and the burdens and benefits of ownership passed. If you bought it at a foreclosure or execution sale, the later of the sale date or the end of any right of redemption.Watch forFor an abandonment: the date you knew or had reason to know of it, unless you expect to start a foreclosure within 3 months. A third party buying at a foreclosure sale makes the sale date the date.Click to open the row in the box tableBox 2: Balance of principal outstandingWhat goes hereThe unpaid principal on the original debt at the date of acquisition, or on the date you first knew or had reason to know the property was abandoned.Watch forLeave out accrued interest and foreclosure costs. Only principal belongs here.Click to open the row in the box tableLender's TINThe EIN the returns are filed under; it must match the filer name on the first line. A sole proprietor may use an SSN, with the owner's name first.Check the filer blockBorrower's TINWhat goes hereThe borrower's SSN, ITIN, ATIN or EIN.Watch forYou may truncate the borrower's TIN on the borrower's statement, never on the copy filed with the IRS. The lender's TIN may not be truncated on any form.Match it before you fileBorrower's nameThe name the IRS has for this TIN: an individual's own name for an SSN, the legal name for an EIN; a DBA goes on the second line. This is what TIN matching compares.Which name goes firstBox 4: Fair market value of propertyWhat goes hereFor a foreclosure, execution or similar sale: the property's fair market value. Absent clear and convincing evidence otherwise, that is the sale proceeds.Watch forFor an abandonment or a deed in lieu of foreclosure, enter the appraised value only if box 5 is checked. Otherwise leave box 4 blank.Click to open the row in the box tableBorrower's street addressWhere the recipient copy is mailed. From the W-9 line 5; the IRS does not match it, but an undeliverable copy is a furnishing failure.Box 5: Borrower was personally liableCheck it whenThe borrower was personally liable for repayment of the debt when it was created or, if the debt was modified, at the last modification.Watch forThis checkbox decides whether box 4 is filled in for an abandonment or a deed in lieu of foreclosure.Click to open the row in the box tableBorrower's city or townCity of the mailing address, from the W-9 line 6.Box 6: Description of propertyWhat goes hereA general description of the property. For real property, generally the address, or the section, lot and block if the address is not enough. For personal property, the type, make and model.Watch forSeveral items can share a category such as "Office Equipment." Enter "CCC" for crops forfeited on Commodity Credit Corporation loans.Click to open the row in the box tableAccount numberWhat goes hereYour account number for this borrower's loan.Required whenYou have more than one account for the borrower and file more than one Form 1099-A for them. The IRS encourages an account number on every Form 1099-A.Hover over a box for what goes in it; click to open its row in the table below. On a touch screen, tap the box to jump to the row.
Who must file Form 1099-A
File Form 1099-A for each borrower if you lend money in connection with your trade or business and, in full or partial satisfaction of the debt, you acquire an interest in property that is security for the debt, or you know or have reason to know the property has been abandoned. Governmental units that lend against property file too, as do subsequent holders of a loan for events after the transfer. When several lenders hold liens and one forecloses, the others must each file for their own loans.
File in the year after the calendar year of the acquisition or the year you first had reason to know of the abandonment. If you expect to foreclose within three months of learning of an abandonment, wait for the sale; otherwise the requirement arises at the end of the three months.
Coordination with Form 1099-C. If you also cancel $600 or more of the same debtor's debt in the same year in connection with the foreclosure or abandonment, you may file only a 1099-C and complete its boxes 4, 5 and 7 instead of a 1099-A.
Threshold: All amounts, every acquisition or abandonment of property securing a loan made in the course of a trade or business; the lender need not be in the business of lending.
What is reported, box by box
| Box | What it reports | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date of lender's acquisition or knowledge of abandonment | The date you acquired the property: the earlier of the title transfer or the transfer of possession and the burdens and benefits of ownership. For a foreclosure sale you buy at, the later of the sale date or the end of the redemption period. For an abandonment, the date you knew or had reason to know of it. |
| 2 | Balance of principal outstanding | Unpaid principal on the original debt at acquisition, or when you first knew or had reason to know of the abandonment. Leave out accrued interest and foreclosure costs. |
| 3 | Reserved | ReservedLeave blank. |
| 4 | Fair market value of property | For a foreclosure, execution or similar sale: the fair market value, which is the sale proceeds absent clear and convincing evidence otherwise. For an abandonment or deed in lieu, the appraised value only when box 5 is checked; otherwise blank. |
| 5 | Borrower was personally liable | CheckboxCheck it when the borrower was personally liable for the debt when it was created or last modified. |
| 6 | Description of property | The property: for real property the address (or section, lot and block); for personal property the type, make and model. "CCC" for crops forfeited on Commodity Credit Corporation loans. Canceling the debt in the same year? A 1099-C with boxes 4, 5 and 7 can replace this form. |
Box titles follow the current revision of the form. The IRS reads the payer and recipient name, TIN, address, account number and the money boxes; the state boxes are for the state copy only.
Payments that are not reported on Form 1099-A
- Tangible personal property, such as a car, securing a loan to an individual and held for personal use; reporting is still required when the property is held for investment or used in a business.
- Property outside the United States when the borrower has certified under penalties of perjury that it is an exempt foreign person.
- An acquisition or abandonment already reported on a 1099-C with boxes 4, 5 and 7 completed.
Due dates and extensions
| Copy | Due | For 2026 returns |
|---|---|---|
| To the IRS, paper | February 28 | Monday, March 1, 2027 (February 28 is a Sunday) |
| To the IRS, electronic | March 31 | Wednesday, March 31, 2027 |
| To the recipient | January 31 | Monday, February 1, 2027 (January 31 is a Sunday) |
An automatic 30-day extension is available on Form 8809, filed by the due date on paper or through IRIS; a second 30 days requires a hardship showing. Recipient statements can be extended 30 days on Form 15397, online or by fax only. 10 or more information returns of any type in aggregate must be e-filed (T.D. 9972); IRIS is the only IRS intake system from filing season 2027, FIRE having been retired. A payer who e-files the originals must e-file the corrections.
For 2026 forms filed in 2027: January 31 falls on a Sunday, so that deadline moves to Monday, February 1, 2027; February 28 also falls on a Sunday, so the paper deadline moves to Monday, March 1, 2027. March 31 (electronic) and March 15 are weekdays. February 28 does not become February 29 in a leap year. The compliance calendar has every date with the weekend shifts applied.
Withholding and TIN matching
Section 6050J acquisitions and abandonments are not payments, so backup withholding cannot apply and the IRS TIN Matching program does not cover them. The borrower's TIN comes from the loan file, which is exactly the problem: it was collected at origination, sometimes decades earlier, and an incorrect TIN on a 1099-A carries the same IRC 6721IRC 6721Internal Revenue Code, Cornell LII penalty as any other return. Two or more borrowers each get their own return under their own SSN.
Name and TIN errors on this form
Every information return is matched by the IRS on the first four characters of the payee's name (the name control) against the TIN. A mismatch produces a CP2100 line the following autumn and, unless the solicitation record is in order, a 972CG penalty the year after: $340 per return for 2026 forms filed in 2027 that are late or wrong, $690 for intentional disregard, with annual maximums of $4,191,500 ($1,397,000 for small filers) under Rev. Proc. 2025-32. The errors that recur on Form 1099-A:
- Co-borrowers and guarantors. A 1099-A to each borrower who is personally liable, each under their own name and SSN; not to a guarantor.
- Entity borrowers under an individual's SSN. A loan to an LLC documented under the member's SSN reports under the member's name.
- Old loan files. The name at origination may predate a marriage, divorce or incorporation. A name/TIN check of the delinquent portfolio before year-end finds the mismatches before the return does.
The name control calculator shows what the IRS will derive from a name line, and the CP2100 guide covers what to do when the notice arrives.
Recipient statements and substitutes
The recipient statement for Form 1099-A need not be a copy of the official form: a substitute may be combined with other account statements or reports, provided every required item is numbered and titled as on the official form, the tax year, form number and form name appear together, the recipient instructions are included, and, for the forms Pub 1099 lists, a telephone number with direct access to someone who can answer questions is shown. Publication 1179 (Rev. Proc. 2026-18) has the specifications; logos, slogans and advertising are not permitted on the statement itself. Statements may be furnished electronically only to a recipient who has affirmatively consented in a way that shows they can access the format, after the disclosures in Pub 1099 part M, and must stay posted through October 15. Copy B may show a truncated TIN (xxx-xx-1234); the IRS copy never may. The consent rules for furnishing statements electronically are under review: Notice 2026-4 asked for comments (due May 23, 2026) on whether the broker rules, and then the rules for every other payee statement, should change.
Corrections and state copies
A wrong amount, code or checkbox is a Type 1 correction: one corrected return with the CORRECTED box checked. The wrong form type is a Type 2 correction: a zeroed-out copy of the original plus a new original, in that order. A wrong or missing payee TIN or name is also Type 2 on paper, but IRIS corrects it in one step on the original record (Publication 5717). Publication 1099 also says you are not required to file a correction for a missing or incorrect TIN if you meet the reasonable-cause standard, only to use the right TIN on the next return, although the IRS encourages the correction. Details and the paper error charts are on the 1099 corrections page.
Form 1099-A is not in the Combined Federal/State Filing program, so any state that requires it must receive it directly. Requirements by state are on the state pages.
Questions people ask about Form 1099-A
Do we file a 1099-A or a 1099-C for a foreclosure with a deficiency we wrote off?
If you cancel $600 or more of the debt in the same year, a single 1099-C with boxes 4, 5 and 7 completed satisfies both. If the cancellation comes in a later year, the 1099-A goes out for the foreclosure year and the 1099-C for the year of cancellation.
We repossessed a personal car.
Not reportable: tangible personal property held by an individual for personal use is excepted.
Is 1099-A in the Combined Federal/State program?
No.
Other federal forms
1042-S · 1097-BTC · 1098 · 1098-C · 1098-E · 1098-F · 1098-Q · 1098-T · 1098-VLI · 1099-B · 1099-C · 1099-CAP · 1099-DIV · 1099-G · 1099-INT · 1099-K · 1099-LPS · 1099-LS · 1099-LTC · 1099-MISC · 1099-NEC · 1099-OID · 1099-PATR · 1099-Q · 1099-QA · 1099-R · 1099-S · 1099-SA · 1099-SB · 3921 · 3922 · 5498 · 5498-ESA · 5498-QA · 5498-SA · 5498-TA · W-2G · 1099-DA · Comparison table
Sources: IRS Publication 1099 (2026), General Instructions for Certain Information Returns, which replaced the separate General Instructions starting with tax year 2026; Instructions for Forms 1099-A and 1099-C (Rev. April 2025); Pub 1099 (2026); IRC 6050JIRC 6050JInternal Revenue Code, Cornell LII; Temporary Regulations 1.6050J-1T. Threshold amounts are indexed for inflation from calendar year 2027; check IRS.gov/InflationAdjustment for the current year.