Who must file Form 5498-SA
The trustee or custodian of an HSA, Archer MSA or Medicare Advantage MSA must file Form 5498-SA for each account holder, reporting contributions made during the calendar year (and, in box 3, contributions made in the following year for the reporting year, through the return due date), rollover contributions, and the fair market value at December 31. If a total distribution closed the account during the year and no contributions were made, no 5498-SA is required. Statements to participants are due May 31; a trustee that furnished the FMV by January 31 with no contributions need not send a second statement. Because May 31, 2027 is Memorial Day, the 2026 forms are due June 1, 2027. Form 5498-SA is now continuous use and is online-fillable for filers under the e-file mandate.
Threshold: All amounts, every HSA, Archer MSA or MA MSA maintained during the year; the FMV is reported even when no contributions were made.
What is reported, box by box
| Box | What it reports | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Employee or self-employed person's Archer MSA contributions | Archer MSAs only. |
| 2 | Total contributions made in the calendar year | HSA and Archer MSA contributions made during the year, by anyone, for any year; employer contributions included. |
| 3 | Total HSA or Archer MSA contributions made in the following year for the reporting year | Through the return due date. |
| 4 | Rollover contributions | Including qualified HSA funding distributions from an IRA. |
| 5 | Fair market value of HSA, Archer MSA or MA MSA | As of December 31. |
| 6 | Checkbox | HSA, Archer MSA or MA MSA. |
Box titles follow the current revision of the form. The IRS reads the payer and recipient name, TIN, address, account number and the money boxes; the state boxes are for the state copy only.
Payments that are not reported on Form 5498-SA
- Trustee-to-trustee transfers between like accounts (not contributions).
- Accounts closed by total distribution during the year with no contributions.
- Mistaken-distribution repayments the trustee accepts, which are not contributions.
Due dates and extensions
| Copy | Due | For 2026 returns |
|---|---|---|
| To the IRS, paper | May 31 | Tuesday, June 1, 2027 (May 31 is Memorial Day) |
| To the IRS, electronic | May 31 | Tuesday, June 1, 2027 (May 31 is Memorial Day) |
| To the recipient | May 31 | Tuesday, June 1, 2027 (May 31 is Memorial Day) |
An automatic 30-day extension is available on Form 8809, filed by the due date on paper or through IRIS; a second 30 days requires a hardship showing. Recipient statements can be extended 30 days on Form 15397, online or by fax only. 10 or more information returns of any type in aggregate must be e-filed (T.D. 9972); IRIS is the only IRS intake system from filing season 2027, FIRE having been retired. A payer who e-files the originals must e-file the corrections.
For 2026 forms filed in 2027: January 31 falls on a Sunday, so that deadline moves to Monday, February 1, 2027; February 28 also falls on a Sunday, so the paper deadline moves to Monday, March 1, 2027. March 31 (electronic) and March 15 are weekdays. February 28 does not become February 29 in a leap year. The compliance calendar has every date with the weekend shifts applied.
Withholding and TIN matching
Contributions are not payments; backup withholding does not apply and the form is not in the IRS TIN Matching program. The penalty is $50 per return under IRC 6693 with no maximum. Employer-funded HSAs carry payroll-file names into the custodian's system, and the 5498-SA is matched to the participant's Form 8889, so a wrong SSN reaches the participant as an IRS notice.
Name and TIN errors on this form
Every information return is matched by the IRS on the first four characters of the payee's name (the name control) against the TIN. For this form the penalty is IRC 6693: $50 per return for each failure to file or furnish, with no annual maximum, unless the failure was due to reasonable cause. A mismatch still produces a CP2100 line the following autumn. The errors that recur on Form 5498-SA:
- Payroll file names. The employer's enrollment feed decides the custodian's record; reconcile to the W-2 name once a year.
- Spouse becomes the account holder on death. The surviving spouse's SSN goes on future 5498-SAs; a non-spouse beneficiary's account is closed with a 1099-SA, not continued.
- Same person, two custodians (an employer HSA and a personal one) is fine; each files its own 5498-SA.
The name control calculator shows what the IRS will derive from a name line, and the CP2100 guide covers what to do when the notice arrives.
Recipient statements and substitutes
The recipient statement for Form 5498-SA need not be a copy of the official form: a substitute may be combined with other account statements or reports, provided every required item is numbered and titled as on the official form, the tax year, form number and form name appear together, the recipient instructions are included, and, for the forms Pub 1099 lists, a telephone number with direct access to someone who can answer questions is shown. Publication 1179 (Rev. Proc. 2026-18) has the specifications; logos, slogans and advertising are not permitted on the statement itself. Statements may be furnished electronically only to a recipient who has affirmatively consented in a way that shows they can access the format, after the disclosures in Pub 1099 part M, and must stay posted through October 15. Copy B may show a truncated TIN (xxx-xx-1234); the IRS copy never may.
Corrections and state copies
A wrong amount, code or checkbox is a Type 1 correction: one corrected return with the CORRECTED box checked. A wrong or missing payee TIN, a wrong payee name, or the wrong form type is a Type 2 correction: a zeroed-out copy of the original plus a new original, in that order. Publication 1099 also says you are not required to file a correction for a missing or incorrect TIN if you meet the reasonable-cause standard, only to use the right TIN on the next return, although the IRS encourages the correction. Details and the paper error charts are on the 1099 corrections page.
Form 5498-SA is not in the Combined Federal/State Filing program, so any state that requires it must receive it directly. Requirements by state are on the state pages.
Questions people ask about Form 5498-SA
An employee contributed in March 2027 for 2026.
Report it in box 3 on the 2026 form; it is also in box 2 of the 2027 form as a contribution made in that calendar year.
Do we report the FMV if there were no contributions?
Yes; the FMV statement is required for every open account. If it was furnished by January 31 and there were no contributions, that is the only statement needed.
Which penalty applies?
$50 per return under IRC 6693.
Other federal forms
1042-S · 1097-BTC · 1098 · 1098-C · 1098-E · 1098-F · 1098-Q · 1098-T · 1098-VLI · 1099-A · 1099-B · 1099-C · 1099-CAP · 1099-DIV · 1099-G · 1099-INT · 1099-K · 1099-LS · 1099-LTC · 1099-MISC · 1099-NEC · 1099-OID · 1099-PATR · 1099-Q · 1099-QA · 1099-R · 1099-S · 1099-SA · 1099-SB · 3921 · 3922 · 5498 · 5498-ESA · W-2G · 1099-DA · Comparison table
Sources: IRS Publication 1099 (2026), General Instructions for Certain Information Returns, which replaced the separate General Instructions starting with tax year 2026; Instructions for Forms 1099-SA and 5498-SA (Rev. December 2026); Pub 1099 (2026) What's New, Guide to Information Returns and part O; IRC 220(h), 223(h), 6693. Threshold amounts are indexed for inflation from calendar year 2027; check IRS.gov/InflationAdjustment for the current year.